Cisco General Online Diagnostics (GOLD) defines a common framework for diagnostic operations for Cisco IOS Software-based products. GOLD has the objective of checking the health of all hardware components and verifying the proper operation of the system data plane and control plane at boot-time, as well as run-time.
GOLD supports the following:
- Bootup tests (includes online insertion)
- Health monitoring tests (background nondisruptive)
- On-Demand tests (disruptive and nondisruptive)
- User scheduled tests (disruptive and nondisruptive)
- CLI access to data through management interface
GOLD, in conjunction with several of the technologies previously discussed, can reduce device failure detection time.
Event Manager
The Cisco IOS Embedded Event Manager (EEM) offers the capability to monitor device hardware, software, and operational events and take informational, corrective, or any desired action—including sending an email alert—when the monitored events occur or when a threshold is reached.
EEM can notify a network management server and an administrator (via email) when an event of interest occurs. Events that can be monitored include the following:
- Application-specific events
- CLI events
- Counter- and interface-counter events
- Object-tracking events
- Online insertion and removal events
- Resource events
- GOLD events
- Redundancy events
- SNMP events
- Syslog events
- System manager and system monitor events
- IOS Watchdog events
- Timer events
Capturing the state of network devices during such situations can be helpful in taking immediate recovery actions and gathering information to perform root-cause analysis, reducing fault detection and diagnosis time. Notification times are reduced by having the device send email alerts to network administrators. Furthermore, availability is also improved if automatic recovery actions are performed without the need to fully reboot the device.
In Service Software Upgrade
The Cisco In Service Software Upgrade (ISSU) provides a mechanism to perform software upgrades and downgrades without taking a switch out of service. ISSU leverages the capabilities of NSF and SSO to allow the switch to forward traffic during supervisor IOS upgrade (or downgrade). With ISSU, the network does not reroute, and no active links are taken out of service. ISSU thereby expedites software upgrade operations.
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